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绪论 虎鲸类型和种群

eastern tropical Pacific, ranging from Baja California and the Gulf of California in the north to the northwest coast of South America in the south and west towards Hawaii Orcas appear to regularly occur off the Galápagos Islands Orcas sighted in Hawaiian waters may belong to a greater population in the central Pacific

North Atlantic and adjacent

Orca tailslapping in Vestfjorden, Norway

At least 15,000 whales are estimated to inhabit the North Atlantic In the Northeast Atlantic, two orca ecotypes have been proposed Type 1 orcas consist of seven haplotypes and include herringeating orcas of Norway and Iceland and mackereleating orcas of the North Sea, as well as sealeating orcas off Norway Type 2 orcas consist of two haplotypes, and mainly feed on baleen whales

In the Mediterranean Sea, orcas are considered “visitors“, likely from the North Atlantic, and sightings become less frequent further east However, a small yearround population exists in the Strait of Gibraltar, which numbered around 39 in 2011 Distinct populations may also exist off the west coast of tropical Africa, which have generalized diets

The northwest Atlantic population is found yearround around Labrador and Newfoundland, while some individuals seasonally travel to the waters of the eastern Canadian Arctic when the ice has melted Sightings of these whales have been documented as far south as Cape Cod and Long Island This population is possibly continuous with orcas sighted off Greenland Orcas are sighted yearround in the Caribbean Sea, and an estimated 267 as of 2020 is documented in the northern Gulf of Mexico

North Indian Ocean

Over 50 individual whales have been cataloged in the northern Indian Ocean, including two individuals that were sighted in the Persian

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